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| Know Your Car : 4 Wheel Drive |
There are almost as many different types of four-wheel-drive systems as there are four-wheel-drive vehicles. It seems that every manufacturer has several different schemes for providing power to all of the wheels. The language used by the different carmakers can sometimes be a little confusing, so before we get to understanding how they work, here is some terminology :
- Four-wheel Drive : Usually, when carmakers say that a car has four-wheel drive, they are referring to a part-time system. For reasons we'll explore later, these systems are meant only for use in low-traction conditions, such as off-road or on snow or ice.
- All-wheel Drive : These systems are sometimes called full-time four-wheel drive. All-wheel-drive systems are designed to function on all types of surfaces, both on and off-road, and most of them cannot be switched off.
How The 4 Wheel Drive Works
Part-time and full-time four-wheel-drive systems can be evaluated using the same criteria. The best system will send exactly the right amount of torque to each wheel, which is the maximum torque that will not cause that tire to slip.
Here, we'll explain the fundamentals of four-wheel drive, starting with some background on traction, and look at the components that make up a four-wheel-drive system. Then we'll take a look at a couple of different systems.
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